Your health care professional can diagnose type 2 diabetes based on blood tests. Learn more about blood tests for diabetes and what the results mean. Managing your blood glucose, blood pressure , and cholesterol , and quitting smoking if you smoke, are important ways to manage your type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes that include planning healthy meals, limiting calories if you are overweight, and being physically active are also part of managing your diabetes.
So is taking any prescribed medicines. Work with your health care team to create a diabetes care plan that works for you. Along with following your diabetes care plan, you may need diabetes medicines, which may include pills or medicines you inject under your skin, such as insulin. Over time, you may need more than one diabetes medicine to manage your blood glucose.
You also may need medicines for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or other conditions. Learn more about medicines, insulin, and other diabetes treatments. Following a good diabetes care plan can help protect against many diabetes-related health problems.
However, if not managed, diabetes can lead to problems such as. Diabetes is also linked to other health problems such as sleep apnea , depression, some types of cancer, and dementia. You can take steps to lower your chances of developing these diabetes-related health problems. Research such as the Diabetes Prevention Program , sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, has shown that you can take steps to reduce your chances of developing type 2 diabetes if you have risk factors for the disease.
Here are some things you can do to lower your risk:. Most often, your best chance for preventing type 2 diabetes is to make lifestyle changes that work for you long term. The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public.
Type 2 Diabetes. What is Diabetes? More than eight of every 10 of them occurred in low- and middle-income countries. In developing nations, more than half of all diabetes cases go undiagnosed. WHO anticipates that worldwide deaths from diabetes will double by Both type 2 diabetes and its side effects can often be prevented or delayed.
The most cost-effective methods include getting regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight. This means following a healthy diet plan.
Regular visits to a healthcare provider are also essential. Medication may be necessary as well. Catching complications early allows for intervention, education, and referral to a specialist when needed. Keeping a healthy weight is important. The Diabetes Prevention Program found that weight loss and increased physical activity reduced the chance of prediabetes turning into type 2 diabetes by 58 percent.
For people 60 years or older, the reduction was 71 percent. For overweight people, losing five to seven percent of body weight through exercise and healthy eating could prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. Get regular checks of your blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels.
Work to achieve and maintain healthy levels of each. Having healthy levels of these three indicators greatly reduces your risk of diabetes. The drug metformin was found to reduce the risk of diabetes onset by 31 percent , particularly in younger and heavier prediabetic adults. This is because an unacceptable level of a probable carcinogen cancer-causing agent was found in some extended-release metformin tablets. If you currently take this drug, call your healthcare provider. They will advise whether you should continue to take your medication or if you need a new prescription.
Problems from type 2 diabetes are common and can be severe. People with diabetes have twice the risk of death of any cause compared to people of the same age without diabetes. In , diabetes was listed as the seventh leading cause of death in the United States.
The contribution of diabetes to death may be underreported on death certificates. WHO estimates that 50 percent of people with diabetes die of cardiovascular disease, such as heart disease and stroke.
The American Diabetes Association reports that more than 71 percent of U. There were 7, cases of diabetic retinopathy in the United States in Diabetes is the leading cause of newly diagnosed adult blindness for people between the ages of 20 and 74 years. Diabetes was also the primary cause of kidney failure in 44 percent of all new cases in During the same year, it was also reported that , people began treatment for kidney failure due to diabetes.
Diabetes causes mild loss of sensation in the extremities in as many as 70 percent of adults who have it. Amputations of lower extremities may eventually be necessary, especially for people with blood vessel disease. More than 60 percent of all nontraumatic amputations of lower limbs occur in people with diabetes. You may be able to manage your diabetes with healthy eating and being active, or your doctor may prescribe insulin, other injectable medications, or oral diabetes medicines to help manage your blood sugar and avoid complications.
Ask your doctor how often you should check it and what your target blood sugar levels should be. Keeping your blood sugar levels as close to target as possible will help you prevent or delay diabetes-related complications. Stress is a part of life, but it can make managing diabetes harder, including managing your blood sugar levels and dealing with daily diabetes care. Regular physical activity, getting enough sleep, and relaxation exercises can help. Talk to your doctor and diabetes educator about these and other ways you can manage stress.
Whether you were just diagnosed with diabetes or have had it for some time, meeting with a diabetes educator is a great way to get support and guidance, including how to:. Childhood obesity rates are rising, and so are the rates of type 2 diabetes in youth.
Parents can help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes by developing a plan for the whole family:. Healthy changes become habits more easily when everyone makes them together.
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